环境准备

debian 9/5
nginx 1.10.3
php7.0
sqlite3

更新index
apt update
安装几个依赖的php模块
apt install php7.0-zip php7.0-gd php7.0-curl php7.0-mbstring

部署nextcloud

部署的目录不一定非要是本文介绍的

进入到nginx的默认root目录中

cd /usr/share/nginx

下载typecho安装包

wget nextcloud_install.tar.gz

注意这是假地址，不要全部都copy了，从官网复制下载地址，再替换。

解压安装包

tar -zxf nextcloud_install.tar.gz

权限控制

chowm -R www-data:www-data ./nextcloud

www-data是根据nginx.conf的user得来的，根据不同的情况替换不同的用户

配置nginx
找到你的 nginx配置目录
默认在 /etc/nginx
进入到sites-enabled

我个人习惯就是在这个位置下建配多个配置文件管理不同的服务
当然你可以按照自己的习惯去配置

cd sites-enabled
touch nextcloud
vim nextcloud

具体的配置

#server {
#    listen 80;
#    listen [::]:80;
#    server_name cloud.example.com;
#    # enforce https
#    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
#}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name cloud.waynecommand.com;

    # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
    # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
    # NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
    # ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
    # ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;

    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
    add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
    add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

    # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
    fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

    # Path to the root of your installation
    root nextcloud;

    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
    # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
    #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
    #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
    # last;

    location = /.well-known/carddav {
      return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }
    location = /.well-known/caldav {
      return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }

    # set max upload size
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

    # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

    # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
    # This module is currently not supported.
    #pagespeed off;

    location / {
        rewrite ^ /index.php$request_uri;
    }

    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
        deny all;
    }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
        deny all;
    }

    location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+)\.php(?:$|/) {
		#fastcgi
		include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
		fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;

        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;

        # fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
        #Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
        
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering off;
    }

    location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
        try_files $uri/ =404;
        index index.php;
    }

    # Adding the cache control header for js and css files
    # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
    location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff|svg|gif)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
        add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

        # Optional: Don't log access to assets
        access_log off;
    }

    location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
        access_log off;
    }
}
配置nextcloud

此处使用sqlite，mysql需要额外的配置，请自行摸索
该配置基于nextcloud官方模板配置修改而成
该配置没有启用https
在下个文章中会讲到如何开启https

访问nextcloud
该界面第一次进入会引导配置管理员账户，按提示操作即可。

大功告成

好了,开始使用吧

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